What is the function of centrioles?

Centrioles are small, cylindrical structures found in the centrosome of animal cells. They play a crucial role in cell division, specifically in the formation of the mitotic spindle during both mitosis and meiosis. The centrioles are typically arranged in pairs that are perpendicular to each other, and their duplication occurs during the S phase of the cell cycle.

During cell division, the centrioles help in organizing the microtubules of the spindle apparatus, which help to separate the chromosomes and ensure equal distribution of genetic material to the daughter cells. The centrioles also play a role in the formation of cilia and flagella in some cells, where they serve as a basal body for these structures.

Overall, centrioles are essential for proper cell division, cell cycle regulation, and the maintenance of cellular structure and organization. Defects in centriole function can lead to abnormalities in cell division, resulting in genetic mutations, developmental disorders, and diseases such as cancer.